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Best Oral Cancer Treatment In India

Oral Cancer

We Offer The Best Oral Cancer Treatment In India at Richardsons

  • Cancer is “a group of diseases characterized by unregulated cell growth and the invasion and spread of cells from the site of origin, or primary site, to other sites in the body.” The oral cavity is the most predominant location in the head and neck region for primary malignant tumors. The best oral cancer treatment in India is crucial for addressing these concerns. Mouth cancer treatment options are available to combat this life-threatening condition.
  • Oral cancers are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst all cancers in India. The best face hospital in India, such as Richardsons Face Hospitals, plays a pivotal role in providing effective oral hygiene treatment and addressing oral cancer-related issues. The higher rates of oral cancers in India are attributed to differences in lifestyle, habits, poverty, lack of education, and limited access to medical care. In all primary oral malignant tumors, 91% are squamous cell carcinomas. Best oral cancer treatment in India is often complemented by sought-after reconstructive services like the best facial plastic surgery in India for post-cancer treatment.

Levels Of Cervical Lymph Nodes In Oral Cancer

  • Level I in oral cancer nodes lie above the hyoid bone, below the mylohyoid muscle, and anterior to a transverse line drawn on each axial image tangent to the posterior surface of the submandibular gland on each side of the neck. IA (Submental nodes) lie between the medial margins of the anterior bellies of the digastric muscles. IB (Submandibular nodes) lie on each side lateral to the level IA nodes and anterior to the back of each submandibular gland. For the best oral cancer treatment in India, identifying these nodes is crucial for staging and treatment planning.
  • Lymph nodes from level II (upper jugular nodes, deep cervical chain) in oral cancer extend from the skull base to the level of the bottom of the body of the hyoid bone. They are posterior to the back of the submandibular gland and anterior to the back of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Level IIa: anterior, lateral, or medial to the vein or posterior to the internal jugular vein and inseparable from it. Level IIb: posterior to the internal jugular vein and has a fat plane separating the nodes and the vein, which is essential for determining the best oral cancer treatment in India based on the spread of cancer.
  • Lymph nodes from level III (middle jugular nodes) in oral cancer extend from the level of the bottom of the body of the hyoid bone to the level of the bottom of the cricoid arch. They are located around the middle third of the internal jugular vein. Level IV (Lower jugular nodes) in oral cancer extends from the level of the bottom of the cricoid arch to the level of the clavicle. These areas are critical during the evaluation and planning for the best oral cancer treatment in India.

  • The nodes from level V (posterior cervical nodes) in oral cancer lie posterior to the back of the sternocleidomastoid muscle from the skull base to the level of the bottom of the cricoid arch and posterior to a line connecting the back of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the posterolateral margin of the anterior scalene muscle from the level of the bottom of the cricoid arch to the level of the clavicle. They also lie anterior to the anterior edge of the trapezius muscle. For best oral cancer treatment in India, accurate identification and staging of these nodes is crucial for determining the extent of cancer and treatment options.

  • VA (Upper-level V nodes) in oral cancer extends from the skull base to the level of the bottom of the cricoid arch. 

  • VB (Lower level V nodes) in oral cancer extends from the level of the bottom of the cricoid arch to the level of the clavicle, as seen on each axial scan, guiding the best oral cancer treatment in India by identifying potential metastasis in these areas.

  • The lymph nodes from level VI (anterior cervical nodes; superior visceral nodes; prelaryngeal; pretracheal; Delphian node) in oral cancer lie between the carotid arteries from the level of the bottom of the body of the hyoid bone to the level of the manubrium (or innominate vein). They are anterior to visceral space and anterior to levels III and IV. This meticulous analysis helps specialists deliver the best oral cancer treatment in India to ensure optimal outcomes.
  • If the term level VII is to be used, it should refer to the extension of the chain of paratracheal nodes below the suprasternal notch (the dividing line between levels VI and VII) to the level of the innominate artery only. Alternatively, these nodes might be defined as the superior mediastinal lymph nodes above the level of the innominate artery. Detailed assessment of these lymph nodes is essential for planning the best oral cancer treatment in India and ensuring a comprehensive approach.

Richardsons Face Hospitals are renowned for offering the best oral cancer treatment in India and mouth cancer treatment, supporting patients at all stages with expertise and advanced care.

oral 04

Various Imaging Modalities Used

Various Imaging Modalities Used

Diagnostic Tools for Oral Cancer Treatment

  • OPG
  • CT-Scan
  • MRI
  • Positron Emission Tomography Scan
  • PET-CT
  • Ultrasonography and Ultrasound-Guided Aspiration Cytology
  • Radio-Nuclide Scanning

These advanced diagnostic tools are crucial in delivering the best oral cancer treatment in India, enabling precise detection, evaluation, and planning for effective management.

What Is Cancer Staging And Grading?

‘Grading’ and ‘staging’ are the two systems used to predict tumour behaviour and guide therapy after a malignant tumour is detected.

  • Grading: Defined as the gross and microscopic degree of differentiation of the tumour.
  • Staging: Refers to the extent of spread of the tumour within the patient.

Thus, grading is histologic, while staging is clinical. Both are essential for tailoring the best oral cancer treatment in India, ensuring personalized care and optimal outcomes.

Why Are Cancers Staged?

  • Best treatment for oral cancer involves personalized approaches based on the patient’s specific condition. Prognosis of the patient is determined by various factors including staging and the response to treatment, essential in deciding the best oral cancer treatment in India. It describes the cancer in a standard language which is useful when doctors discuss patients, and when patients are involved in clinical trials, ensuring access to the best oral cancer treatment in India options.

 

Clinical Classification (CTNM Or TNM)

  • Based on evidence acquired before the initiation of primary treatment such as definitive surgery, neoadjuvant radiation, or systemic therapy, the best oral cancer treatment in India relies heavily on this clinical stage.
  • The clinical stage (pretreatment stage) is vital for selecting primary therapy and comparing patient outcomes across populations.
  • Uses information from clinical history, physical exams, imaging, endoscopy, biopsy of the primary site, surgical exploration, or other relevant examinations.

Observations made at surgical exploration where a biopsy of the primary site is performed without resection or where pathologic material is not obtained are classified as clinical.

Clinical Staging of Metastases:
a) Cases with no symptoms or signs of metastases are classified as clinically M0.
b) There is no MX classification in clinical staging for oral cancer staging.

Pathologic Classification (PTNM)

The pathologic classification of cancer, a key element in the best oral cancer treatment in India, is based on pre-treatment information supplemented by surgical and pathologic examination of resected tissues.

  • Provides precise, objective data crucial for effective mouth cancer treatment.
  • Pathologic classification uses the prefix “p” for T, N, and M classifications (e.g., pT, pN, pM).

Pathologic T

This classification is based on the resection of the primary tumor, which is often obtained as a single specimen during the best oral cancer treatment in India.

Pathologic N

For comprehensive oral cancer staging, the resection of a sufficient number of lymph nodes is required to identify positive nodes if present.

Pathologic M

Pathologic M classification requires a positive biopsy of the metastatic site (pM1). A case with a negative biopsy of a suspected metastatic site is staged as cM0, adhering to the highest standards of the best oral cancer treatment in India.

Post Therapy or Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy Stage (yCTNM Or yPTNM)

This stage is determined after initial treatment, such as systemic and/or radiation therapy, or neoadjuvant therapy before surgery.

Significance:

  • Provides crucial prognostic information to patients undergoing mouth cancer treatment.
  • Helps determine the extent of surgery and subsequent systemic and/or radiation therapy needed.

Retreatment Classification (RTNM)

The retreatment classification (rTNM) is applied when further treatment is planned for a cancer recurrence after a disease-free interval.

  • Biopsy may not always be feasible for such cases, so clinical evidence for T, N, and M categories is derived from clinical, endoscopic, and radiologic methods during oral cancer staging.

Autopsy Classification (aTNM)

TNM classification may be performed postmortem for patients where the cancer was not evident prior to death, ensuring comprehensive insights even in advanced cases managed under the best oral cancer treatment in India.

oral 02

TNM Classification

TNM Classification

Primary Tumor (T) Classification

The Primary Tumor (T) classification is crucial in determining the stage of oral cancer, helping define the extent of the tumor for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. It is an integral part of the best oral cancer treatment in India to ensure effective outcomes.

TX: Cannot be assessed: The primary tumor’s extent cannot be determined due toa  lack of sufficient data.

T0:No evidence of primary tumor: No tumor is visible during examination or imaging.

Tis: Carcinoma in situ (CIS): Early-stage cancer that has not spread beyond the epithelium.

T1:Tumor 2 cm or less: The tumor’s greatest dimension does not exceed 2 cm, suitable for localized treatment as part of advanced mouth cancer treatment.

T2:Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm: Moderate growth, yet manageable with specialized care.

T3:Tumor more than 4 cm: Indicates significant growth, requiring comprehensive treatment approaches.

T4a:Moderately advanced local disease:

Lip: Tumor invades through cortical bone, inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin (chin or nose).

Oral cavity: Tumor penetrates cortical bone, deep/extrinsic tongue muscles (genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, styloglossus), maxillary sinus, or facial skin.

Choose Richardsons Face Hospital for Best Oral Cancer Treatment In India.

T4b: Very advanced local disease:

Tumor infiltrates masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base.

Encases the internal carotid artery, requiring advanced interventions as part of the best oral cancer treatment in India.

This classification system ensures that oral cancer staging is precise, guiding tailored therapeutic strategies for improved patient outcomes.

Regional lymph nodes (N)

The Regional Lymph Node (N) classification is vital in assessing the extent of cancer’s spread to the lymph nodes, a crucial aspect of oral cancer staging for effective treatment strategies in the best oral cancer treatment in India.

NX: Cannot be assessed: Insufficient information to evaluate regional lymph nodes.

N0:No regional lymph node metastasis: No spread to nearby lymph nodes.

N1:Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in the greatest dimension.

N2:Metastasis with characteristics as detailed below:

N2a: Single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.

N2b: Multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.

N2c: Bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.

N3:Metastasis in a lymph node more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, requiring advanced mouth cancer treatment.

Distant Metastasis (M) Classification

The Distant Metastasis (M) classification identifies whether the cancer has spread beyond regional lymph nodes to distant parts of the body, a key factor in determining the severity and prognosis of the disease, ensuring that the best oral cancer treatment in India is selected.

MX: Distant metastasis cannot be assessed: Lack of sufficient information to evaluate distant spread.

 

M0: No distant metastasis: No evidence of cancer spread to distant organs, indicating the importance of timely intervention and best oral cancer treatment in India for effective management.

Clinical Stages (T + N + M)

The combination of Primary Tumor (T), Regional Lymph Node (N), and Distant Metastasis (M) classifications defines the clinical stage of oral cancer, guiding personalized treatment plans and ensuring optimal outcomes for patients seeking the best oral cancer treatment in India.
0
Tis
N0
M0
I
T1
N0
M0
II
T2
N0
M0
III
T3 (enough alone), T2 or T1
N1
M0
IV
T4a
N0 or N1
M0
A
T1, T2 or T3
N2
M0
IV
Any T
N3
M0
B
T4b
Any N
M0
C
any T
any N
M1
oral 03

Management

Management

1. Tongue Cancer

The anterior one-third of the tongue is the most commonly involved area in oral cancer. Treatment options depend on pathologic staging.

  • Surgery alone or with adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy is indicated based on the extent of cancer.
  • Reconstructive options:
    • Small defects: Primary closure.
    • Moderate-sized defects: Skin grafts or biologic dressings.
    • Large defects: Loco-regional flaps or Free flaps.
      Best oral cancer treatment in India is essential for restoring both function and appearance in tongue cancer cases.

2. Floor of Mouth Cancer

The floor of the mouth is the second most common area for oral cancers, and treatment is challenging due to the proximity to vital structures like the tongue, glands, and jaws. Resection of these tumors often involves the removal of adjacent structures to obtain safe margins.

  • Reconstructive options:
    • Small defects: Primary closure.
    • Moderate-sized defects: Skin grafts or biologic dressings.
    • Large defects: Loco-regional flaps or Free flaps.
      Best Oral cancer treatment in India for this location requires expert handling to preserve function and appearance.

3. Buccal Mucosa Cancer

  • Small early-stage: Simple excision and primary closure.
  • Advanced larger tumors: Composite resection.
    For Best oral cancer treatment In India, early intervention and proper surgical management ensure the best outcomes.

4. Maxillary Alveolar Ridge and Palate Cancer

  • Obturators are used to restore function after resection.
  • Conventional and Zygomatic implants help in reconstructing the maxilla for better oral function.
  • Free flaps are used for large resections.
    Choosing the best oral cancer treatment in India for these areas is critical to optimize results and patient satisfaction.
 

The Richardsons Happy Patient's

Testimonials

My experience here was overwhelmingly positive. The quality of care I received was exceptional. The doctors were highly skilled and took the time to explain my condition and treatment options in a clear and compassionate manner. The nursing staff were attentive and ensured I was comfortable throughout my stay.
The facilities at were modern and well-maintained. The rooms were clean, and the environment felt calm and reassuring, which was comforting during a stressful time.

Pearlin Peter

I very rarely leave reviews, however, this is most deserving one… The hospital is well-equipped with state-of-the-art technology and equipment, and staffed by highly qualified and experienced medical professionals. Patients can expect excellent care and treatment, as well as a comfortable and welcoming environment. The hospital is committed to providing personalized care, and has a strong focus on patient safety and satisfaction. 

jayashree beera

Very Good Place!! Very Neat and clean ambiance.
Doctor Richardson is really an expert in this!!! He treated my friend whose face was totally damaged in an accident and now my friend is a living testimony for his skills!! Very efficient and skilled Doctor… No doubt you will have 99.9% best result.

Sharon Russel

My daughter has undergone her cleft lip , cleft palate ,uvula surgery, upper jaw alignment surgery at Richardsons hospital. Needless to say that Dr Sunil Richardson is not only a face speciality doctor but also a god chosen artistic talent who can very well correct the face of thousands of patients the way it should be. My opinion is that you can put your 100 percent trust and under go treatment here and turn beautiful/ handsome.

Aswathy Gunaseelan

a month ago
As a maxillofacial surgeon myself, I have visited, seen and experienced the facilities available at RFH, Bengaluru. It’s is the largest stand alone facility in India today, exclusively for care of patients with problems associated with the face, head and neck. Much thought is given to all the infrastructural facilities available. All equipment is the best in the business. No expense has been spared in providing the best care for the patient. 

Anantanarayanan P

I have done rhinoplasty surgery for my broad nose.few weeks back…I’m extremely happy with my results…but still I have to wait for few more weeks to get my end result…I was comfortable with the team and the care they provided post surgery… I would recommend whoever is having any facial deformation could come and visit this hospital..to get your dream results .Thanks to Sunil sir and his team..

Rose mary Mathew

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Richardsons Face Hospitals has been one of the Best Face Hospitals in India, providing high-quality facial, dental, skin, and hair care since 2010. Our strength lies in delivering best treatment with best technology at affordable costs and treating our patients with respect, courtesy, and compassion.

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